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nginx-几个关于location pattern的问题

查了好多资料都没有搞懂的几个问题。

第一个问题,如果我的location配置是这样的:

location /doc {
    alias /home/user/doc;
}

那我访问http://localhost/doc/a.html的时候实际上nginx是读取了/home/usr/doc/a.html,如果我访问的是http://localhost/docs/a.html甚至是http://localhost/docsioajsfopajowejfasd那nginx实际上会尝试读取哪个文件?

第二个问题,如果我将doc配置成一个服务器,再反向代理。

server {
    listen 8000;
    server_name doc;
    root /home/user/doc;
    
    index index.html index.htm index.nginx-debian.html;

    location / {
        # First attempt to serve request as file, then
        # as directory, then fall back to displaying a 404.
        try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
    }
}

在主服务器这样配置:

server {
    listen 80;
    ....
    location /doc {
        proxy_pass http://localhost:8000/;
    }
    }

这样配置时访问http://localhost/doc/,如果index文件引用了静态文件,静态文件会变成404,浏览器会尝试获取http://localhost/js/xxx.js而不是http://localhost/doc/js/xxx.js,如果在pattern后面加上/变成

location /doc/ {
            proxy_pass http://localhost:8000/;
        }

就没有问题,但如果是第一个问题中的location配置,浏览器会正确寻找http://localhost/doc/js/xxx.js。这搞得我很困惑,结尾加不加/究竟有什么影响?为什么alias和proxy_pass会出现不同的结果?


不是root和proxy_pass的区别,而是proxy_pass有一个特殊逻辑,如果proxy_pass后面有路径就会触发它,注意一个“/”也是路径,如下图。
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1/;
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;

官方资料:
http://nginx.org/en/docs/http...

Syntax: proxy_pass URL;
Sets the protocol and address of a proxied server and an optional URI(修改成PATH更加准确,和便于理解) to which a location should be mapped.

If the proxy_pass directive is specified with a URI(路径,下同), then when a
request is passed to the server, the part of a normalized request URI
matching the location is replaced by a URI specified in the directive:
location /name/ {

proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1/remote/; }

If proxy_pass is specified without a URI(路径,下同), the request URI is passed to
the server in the same form as sent by a client when the original
request is processed, or the full normalized request URI is passed
when processing the changed URI: location /some/path/ {

proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1; }
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